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Introduction to Linux restart

Linux restart is defined as a command which enables users to reboot or restart a Linux system. This utility is purposefully required when there is a need for a system to post some major updates like network or drivers. The reason for restarting is to make sure that all the supporting applications are closed so that proper effect takes place uniformly throughout the system and the server. This term is about the system restart, but it also takes care of the restart of the process running in the system. In this article, we would go through some of the methods in restarting the Linux system and processes running in Linux.

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Syntax

In Linux, there are a lot of options available for Linux restart utilities, and in this article, we will go through all the options and will also mention the utilities of each of the options we have and the scenario they would work the best. But before that, let us look at the syntax of the command line commands before we move on to the different ways of performing the task.

Restarting the Linux system

1. Using the systemctl command

Syntax

sudo systemctl start reboot.target

Syntax

sudo shutdown -r now

3. Using the reboot command

Syntax

sudo reboot

4. Using the init command

Syntax

sudo telinit 6 Restarting the Linux process

1. Using the systemctl command

Syntax

2. Using the service command

Syntax

How to restart Linux using various methods?

In this section, we will look at the different methods available for restarting Linux. Firstly, we will discuss the methods that are used for restarting Linux. For all of our readers, it is interesting for you to know the subtle difference between restart and reboot. There is a very thing line of difference between them and, hence, very important to understand if one wants to use the words interchangeably. The words reboot can be broken down into 2 sub-words, i.e. re and boot. Now the intention behind reboot is to fix a problem which is happening and can be sorted if the system boots again, whereas restart doesn’t have any intention behind the scene, although the process remains unchanged. Hence, we would treat reboot and restart as same from a process standpoint for any purpose in this article.

The reboot or the power of processes are taken care of by the init system, and the system in Linux is the init system. Using the systemctl command will allow the system to accept the reset signal and act accordingly. The fourth option is to run the shutdown command. There are various options available, and one of them is the -r option, which wills end the signal to the OS to restart the system. The fifth option is to run the reboot command. This command is nothing but a shortcut to the earlier command fulfilling the utility of the restart. The sixth and the final is by using the telinit command, which reserves a number for a restart, and once that option or number, i.e. 6, is invoked, the signal is automatically sent to the OS to take its course.

Now coming to the other part of restarting the process. The first option is to use the systemctl command. Here one can look at the subtle difference which lies in between restarting the system and restarting the process, which is explained in the syntax. The second option is to use the service command; the chronology is a bit different from the systemctl command and used in a legacy system. To our surprise, this command still works in the latest distributions.

Though in this article we have talked about most of the methods that are possible in Linux operating systems, it doesn’t mean that we have discussed all. Some of them include hard restart or reboot as well. The hard restart comes under irresponsibly restarting the system because these methods keep a chance to damage the system.

Examples of Linux restart

Here are the following examples mention below

Example #1

Restarting the Linux system:

Using the systemctl command

Syntax

systemctl start reboot.target

Output:

Example #2

Using the shutdown command

Syntax

shutdown -r now

Output:

Example #3

Using the reboot command

Syntax

sudo reboot

Output:

Example #4

Using the init command

sudo telinit 6

Output:

Example #5

Restarting the Linux process:

Using the systemctl command

Syntax

Output:

Example #6

Using the service command

Syntax

Output:

Conclusion

With the discussed set of examples and explanation of the way of working for restart, we can get a sense of the utility the each of the methods possesses. Now it remains on the reader’s shoulders to try out all the methods we have discussed in this article and keep experimenting every day to learn more. So lastly, just to sum things up, we would like to mention that one should act responsibly while it comes to system restart.